Plant Ecology and Evolution 153(2): 283-291, doi: 10.5091/plecevo.2020.1705
A new and endemic species of Drosera (Droseraceae) from Madagascar
expand article infoAndreas S. Fleischmann‡, Nivo H. Rakotoarivelo§, Aymeric Roccia|, Paulo M. Gonella, Lala Roger Andriamiarisoa§, Aina Razanatsima§, Fortunat Rakotoarivony§
‡ Botanische Staatssammlung München, München, Germany§ Missouri Botanical Garden, Madagascar Research and Conservation Program, BP 3391, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar| 73 000 Chambéry, France¶ Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica (INMA), Av. José Ruschi, 4, Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil

Corresponding author: Andreas S. Fleischmann ( fleischmann@bio.lmu.de )

© Andreas S. Fleischmann, Nivo H. Rakotoarivelo, Aymeric Roccia, Paulo M. Gonella, Lala Roger Andriamiarisoa, Aina Razanatsima, Fortunat Rakotoarivony.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation: Fleischmann AS, Rakotoarivelo NH, Roccia A, Gonella PM, Andriamiarisoa LR, Razanatsima A, Rakotoarivony F (2020) A new and endemic species of Drosera (Droseraceae) from Madagascar. Plant Ecology and Evolution 153(2): 283-291. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2020.1705
Open Access
Abstract

Background and aims – This study is part of an ongoing revision of the world Drosera species. During herbarium revisions of Drosera from Madagascar, a new species was identified and is here described.

Methods – The species’ morphology is described based on herbarium studies and observation of living plants in situ, and ecological notes from field observations are provided. The species is compared and contextualized within the current subgeneric classification of Drosera.

Key results – The new species, Drosera arachnoides, is recognized as most closely related to another Malagasy-endemic, D. humbertii, from which it is morphologically and ecologically distinct. The new species is placed within D. subg. Drosera sect. Ptycnostigma. Based on the restricted occurrence, the species is assessed as Vulnerable, following IUCN categories and criteria. A key to the Drosera species from Madagascar is provided.

Conclusion – Drosera arachnoides is the second endemic Drosera species in Madagascar and raises the total number of species on the island to six.

Keywords
non-core Caryophyllales, Drosera subgenus Drosera, taxonomy, carnivorous plants

References

  • Andrianandrasana Z.A., Rasolofoharivelo T., Chamberlan C., Ratsimbazafy J., King T. (2013) Etude préliminaire de Prolemur simus (« Ramaimbangy ») dans la forêt de basse altitude de Vohibe, bassin versant Nosivolo, Madagascar, et implications pour sa conservation. Lemur News 17: 43–49.
  • CEPF (Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund) (2014) Ecosystem profile Madagascar and Indian Ocean Islands. Madagascar, Conservation International.
  • Cornet A. (1974) Essai cartographique bioclimatique à Madagascar, carte à 1/2 000 000 et notice explicative N° 55. Paris, ORSTOM.
  • Exell A.W., Laundon J.R. (1956) New and noteworthy species of Drosera from Africa and Madagascar. Boletim da Sociedade Broteriana, 2 Série 30: 213–220.
  • Fleischmann A., Cross A.T., Gibson R., Gonella P.M., Dixon K.W. (2018a) Systematics and evolution of Droseraceae. In: Ellison A.M., Adamec L. (eds) Carnivorous plants: physiology, ecology, and evolution: 45–57. Oxford, Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779841.003.0004
  • Fleischmann A., Gonella P.M., Rivadavia F. (2018b) A new sectional name for the Brazilian tetraploid clade of Drosera subgenus Drosera. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 47: 4–9.
  • Gibeaux C. (1994) Insectes Lépidoptères : Pterophoridae. Faune de Madagascar vol. 81: 1–176. Paris, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle.
  • Gielis C. (2014) Review of the Neotropical species of the family Pterophoridae, part 5: additions from Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela and the Guyanas (Lepidoptera). Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 55: 67–91.
  • Gonella P.M., Rivadavia F., Sano P.T., Fleischmann A. (2014) Exhuming Saint-Hilaire: revision of the Drosera villosa complex (Droseraceae) supports 200 year-old neglected species concepts. Phytotaxa 156: 1–40. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.156.1.1
  • Hijmans R.J., Guarino L., Jarvis A., O’Brien R., Mathur P., Bussink C., Cruz M., Barrantes I., Rojas E. (2005) DIVA-GIS 5.2. A geographic information system for the analysis of species distribution data. Program and data available at http://www.diva-gis.org [accessed 28 Oct. 2019].
  • Hutchinson J., Dalziel J.M. (1954) Droseraceae. In: Hutchinson J., Dalziel J M. (eds) Flora of West Tropical Africa, second edition 2, vol. 1 (1): 120–122. London.
  • IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List categories and criteria version 3.1. 2nd edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, IUCN Species Survival Commission.
  • Keraudren-Aymonin M. (1982) Droséracées. In: Humbert H., Leroy J.-F. (eds) Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, Famille 87: 53–62. Paris, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Laboratoire de Phanérogamie.
  • Laundon J.R. (1959) Droseraceae. In: Hubbard C.E., Milne-Redhead E. (eds) Flora of Tropical East Africa, Droseraceae: 1–6. London.
  • Rabearivony A.D., Kuhlman A.R., Razafiarison Z.L., Raharimalala F., Rakotoarivony F., Randrianarivony T., Rakotoarivelo N.H., Randrianasolo A., Bussmann R.W. (2015) Ethnobotanical study of the medicinal plants known by Men in Ambalabe, Madagascar. Ethnobotany Research and Applications 14: 123–138. https://doi.org/10.17348/era.14.0.123-138
  • Rakotoarivelo N.H. (2015) Les plantes utiles de la Nouvelle Aire Protégée de Vohibe (commune rurale d’Ambalabe, district de Vatomandry): inventaire, études ethnobotaniques et écologiques. Doctoral thesis, Université d’Antananarivo, Faculté des Sciences, Département de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales (DBEV), Madagascar.
  • Rakotoarivelo N.H., Razanatsima A.A., Rakotoarivony F., Kuhlman A., Andriambololonera S., Ramanajanahary R.H., Randrianasolo A., Bussmann R.W. (2013) Guide des plantes d’Ambalabe 1. Saint Louis, Missouri Botanical Garden Press.
  • Rakotoarivony F., Rasoaviety L. (2007) Conservation communautaire de la forêt de Vohibe-Ambalabe, Vatomandry Région. Atsinanana, Madagascar.
  • Robinson A., Gibson R., Gonella P.M., McPherson S., Nunn R., Fleischmann A. (2017) Drosera of the World 3, Latin America & Africa. Dorset, Redfern Natural History.
  • Schlosser E. (2005) Notes on some little known carnivorous plants from Madagascar. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 34: 100–105.
  • Thiers B. (2019) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available at http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ [accessed 14 Oct. 2019].