Plant Ecology and Evolution 151(2): 262-270, doi: 10.5091/plecevo.2018.1395
Amanita dulciodora (Amanitaceae, Basidiomycota), a striking new species of Amanita section Lepidella from Northeast Brazil
expand article infoCristiano C. Nascimento‡, Mariana C.A. Sá§, José Luiz Bezerra|, Felipe Wartchow
‡ Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí, Campus Paulistana. Rodovia BR-407, s/n. CEP: 64750-000. Paulistana, PI, Paulistana, Brazil§ Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, CEP: 59.072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil| Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, CEP: 44.380-000, Centro, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil¶ Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia/CCEN, Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, CEP: 58051-970, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil

Corresponding author: Cristiano C. Nascimento ( cristiano.nascimento@ifpi.edu.br )

© Meise Botanic Garden and Royal Botanical Society of Belgium.
all rights reserved
Citation: Nascimento CC, Sá MC.A, Bezerra JL, Wartchow F (2018) Amanita dulciodora (Amanitaceae, Basidiomycota), a striking new species of Amanita section Lepidella from Northeast Brazil. Plant Ecology and Evolution 151(2): 262-270. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2018.1395
Open Access
Abstract

Background – Amanita Pers. has a worldwide distribution and is one of the most well-known fungal genera in terms of both morphotaxonomy and molecular phylogenetics, consisting of many edible, as well as poisonous, even lethal, mushrooms. The genus is also known to form ectomycorrhizal associations with angiosperms and gymnosperms and play an important role in ecosystems. Although previous studies have already pointed out the high diversity of the genus Amanita in tropical areas, only a few recent studies continue to record and/or describe new species of Amanita from Brazilian territory. Herein, an additional, morphologically striking new species of Amanita sect. Lepidella is described from Northeast Brazil.

Methods – The new species was collected at ‘Parque Estadual Serra do Conduru’ (PESC), located in the municipalities of Uruçuca, Itacaré e Ilhéus, Bahia state. The park is an Atlantic Forest protected area with about 7000 ha in a region with a high degree of endemism. For morphological analysis, standard methods for Amanita were followed.

Key results – Amanita dulciodora is described as new species from Atlantic Forest remnants in southeast Bahia. It is assignable to Amanita stirps Crassiconus within Amanita subsect. Solitariae and is mainly characterized by its (1) medium-size basidiomata with cap colour and appearance dominated by universal veil at first; (2) distinctly coloured acute-pyramidal, truncate-pyramydal to verrucose warts which are mainly composed of irregularly disposed, ovoid to subglobose to clavate cells intermixed with very abundant filamentous hyphae; (3) mostly ellipsoid to elongate amyloid basidiospores and (4) the common presence of clamps at the basal septa of basidia. It was compared with its similar species, A. crassiconus and illustrated with line drawings and photographs.

Keywords
Agaricales, Agaricomycetes, Fungi, neotropics, taxonomy

References

  • Angelo J.G.M. (2003) A conservação da biodiversidade através da gestão das unidades de conservação do estado da Bahia: atualidades, potencialidades e desafios. Bahia Análise & Dados 13: 641–652.
  • Araujo M., Alger K., Rocha R., Mesquita C.A.B. (1998) Mata Atlântica do Sul da Bahia – situação atual, ações e perspectivas. São Paulo, Série Cadernos da Reserva da Biosfera da Mata Atlântica nº 8.
  • Bas C. (1969) Morphology and subdivision of Amanita and a monograph of its section Lepidella. Persoonia 5: 285–579.
  • Bas C. (1978) Studies in Amanita. I. Some Amazonian species. Persoonia 10: 1–22.
  • Bas C., de Meijer A.A.R. (1993) Amanita grallipes, a new species in Amanita subsection Vittadiniae from southern Brazil. Persoonia 15: 345–350.
  • Bas C. (2000) A broader view on Amanita. Bollettino del Gruppo Micologico G. Bresadola 43: 9–12.
  • Cai Q., Tulloss R.E., Tang L.P., Tolgor B., Zhang P., Chen Z.H., Yang Z.-L. (2014) Multi-locus phylogeny of lethal amanitas: implications for species diversity and historical biogeography. BMC Evolutionary Biology 14: 143–158. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-14-143
  • Capelari M., Maziero R. (1988) Fungos macroscópicos do estado de Rondônia, região dos Rios Jaru e Ji-Paraná. Hoehnea 15: 28–36.
  • Corner E.J.H., Bas C. (1962) The genus Amanita in Singapore and Malaya. Persoonia 2: 241–304.
  • de Meijer A.A.R. (2001) Mycological work in the Brazilian state of Paraná. Nova Hedwigia 72: 105–159.
  • de Meijer A.A.R. (2006) Preliminary list of the macromycetes from the Brazilian State of Paraná. Boletim do Museu Botânico Municipal (Curitiba) 68: 1–55.
  • Drehmel D., Moncalvo J.-M., Vilgalys R. (1999) Molecular phylogeny of Amanita based on large-subunit ribosomal DNA sequences: implications for taxonomy and character evolution. Mycologia 91: 610–618. https://doi.org/10.2307/3761246
  • Giachini A.J., Oliveira V.L., Castellano M.A., Trappe J.M. (2000) Ectomycorrhizal fungi in Eucalyptus and Pinus plantation in Southern Brazil. Mycologia 92: 1166–1177. https://doi.org/10.2307/3761484
  • Giulietti A.M., Harley R.M., Queiroz L.P., Wanderley M.G.L., Van den Berg C. (2005) Biodiversidade e conservação das Plantas no Brasil. Megadiversidade 1: 52–61.
  • Grandi R.A.P., Guzmán G., Bononi V.L.R. (1984) Adições às Agaricales (Basidiomycetes) do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga. Rickia 11: 27–33.
  • Hess J., Pringle A. (2014) The natural histories of species and their genomes: asymbiotic and ectomycorrhizal Amanita fungi. In: Martin F.M. (ed.) Advances in Botanical Research, Volume 70, Fungi: 235–257. London, Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-397940-7.00008-2
  • Homrich M.H. (1965) Nota sobre Amanita muscaria (L. ex. Fr.) Pers. ex Hooker no planalto Riograndense. Sellowia 17: 77–78.
  • Justo A., Morgenstern I., Hallen-Adams H.E., Hibbett D.S. (2010) Convergent evolution of sequestrate forms in Amanita under Mediterranean climate conditions. Mycologia 102: 675–688. https://doi.org/10.3852/09-191
  • Kornerup A., Wanscher J.H. (1978) Methuen handbook of colour, 3rd Ed. London, Eyre Methuen.
  • Letcher A. (2007) Shroom: a cultural history of the magic mushroom. New York, Harper Collins.
  • Li G.J, Hyde H.D, Zhao R.L, et al. (2016) Fungal diversity notes 253–366: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa. Fungal Diversity 78: 1–237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-016-0366-9
  • Martini A.M.Z., Fiaschi P., Amorim A.M., Paixão J.L. (2007) A hot-point within a hot-spot: a high diversity site in Brazil’s Atlantic Forest. Biodiversity and Conservation 16: 3111–3128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-007-9166-6
  • Menolli Jr. N., Asai T., Capelari M. (2009a) Amanita coacta (Amanitaceae, Agaricales) with a key to Amanita species occurring in Brazil. Mycotaxon 107: 419–430. https://doi.org/10.5248/107.419
  • Menolli Jr. N., Capelari M., Baseia I.G. (2009b) Amanita viscidolutea, a new species from Brazil with a key to Central and South American species of Amanita section Amanita. Mycologia 101: 395–400. https://doi.org/10.3852/07-079
  • Moncalvo J.-M., Vilgalys R., Redhead S.A., Johnson J.E., James T.Y., Aime M.C., Hofstetter V., Verduin S.J.W., Larsson E., Baroni T.J., Thorn R.G., Jacobsson S., Clémençon H., Miller Jr. O.K. (2002) One hundred and seventeen clades of euagarics. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23: 357–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00027-1
  • Pegler D.N. (1983) Agaric flora of the Lesser Antilles. Kew Bulletin Additional Series 9: 1–668.
  • Pegler D.N. (1986) Agaric flora of Sri Lanka. Kew Bulletin Additional Series 12: 1–519.
  • Pegler D.N. (1997) The Agarics of São Paulo, Brazil. Kew, Royal Botanic Garden.
  • Rick J. (1906) Pilze aus Rio Grande do Sul. Brotéria Série Botânica 5: 5–53.
  • Rick J. (1937) Agarici Riograndensis. Lilloa 1: 307–346.
  • Sá D.F., Almeida H.A, Leão A.C. (1982) Fatores edafoclimáticos seletivos ao zoneamento de cacauicultura no Sudeste da Bahia. Revista Theobroma (Ilhéus) 12: 169–187.
  • Singer R. (1953) Type Studies on Basidiomycetes VI. Lilloa 26: 57–159.
  • Simmons C., Henkel T.W., Bas C. (2002) The genus Amanita in the Pakaraima mountains of Guyana. Persoonia 17: 563–582.
  • Stijve T., de Meijer A.A.R. (1993) Macromycetes from the State of Paraná, Brazil. 4. The psychoactive species. Arquivos de Biologia e Tecnologia 36: 313–329.
  • Tang L.P, Cai Q., Lee S.S., Buyck B., Zhang P., Yang Z.-L. (2015) Taxonomy and phylogenetic position of species of Amanita sect. Vaginatae s.l. from tropical Africa. Mycological Progress 14: 39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-015-1061-z
  • Thiers B. (2018, continuously updated) Index Herbariorum: a global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium. Available from http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ [accessed 29 Jan. 2018].
  • Thomas W.W., Carvalho A.M., Amorim A.M.A. Garisson J., Arbeláez A.L. (1998) Plant endemism in two forests in southern Bahia, Brazil. Biodiversity and Conservation 7: 311–322. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008825627656
  • Tulloss R.E., Ovrebo C.L., Halling R.E. (1992) Studies on Amanita (Agaricales) from Andean Colombia. Memoirs of the New York Botanic Garden 66: 1–46.
  • Tulloss R.E. (1993) Amanita pachysperma, Amanita subvirginiana, and Amanita virginiana (taxonomy and distribution) with notes on description of the lamella trama in Amanita. Mycotaxon 49: 449–475.
  • Tulloss R.E. (1994) Type studies in Amanita section Vaginatae I: some taxa described in this century (studies 1–23) with notes on description of spores and refractive hyphae in Amanita. Mycotaxon 52: 305–396.
  • Tulloss R.E. (2000) Note sulla metodologia per lo studio del genere Amanita (Agaricales). Bollettino del Gruppo Micologico G. Bresadola, Nuova serie 43: 41–58.
  • Tulloss R.E. (2005) Amanita: distribution in the Americas, with comparison to eastern and southern Asia and notes on spore character variation with latitude and ecology. Mycotaxon 93: 189–231.
  • Tulloss R.E., Franco-Molano A.E. (2008) Studies in Amanita subsection Vittadiniae I: a new species from Colombian savanna. Mycotaxon 105: 317–323.
  • Tulloss R.E, Halling R.E., Mueller G.M. (2011) Studies in Amanita (Amanitaceae) of Central America. 1. Three new species from Costa Rica and Honduras. Mycotaxon 117: 165–205. https://doi.org/10.5248/117.165
  • Tulloss R.E., Kuyper T.W., Vellinga E.C., Yang Z.L., Halling R.E., Geml J., Sánchez-Ramírez S., Gonçalves S.C., Hess J., Pringle A. (2016) The genus Amanita should not be split. Amanitaceae the Journal 1(3): 1–16.
  • Tulloss R.E., Yang Z.-L. (2018) [mutable text] Studies in the Amanitaceae [online]. Available from http://www.amanitaceae.org [accessed 31 Jan. 2018].
  • Wartchow F., Tulloss R.E., Cavalcanti M.A.Q. (2007) Discovery of Amanita lilloi in Brazil. Mycotaxon 99: 167–174.
  • Wartchow F., Tulloss R.E., Cavalcanti M.A.Q. (2009) Amanita lippiae: a new species from the semi-arid caatinga region of Brazil. Mycologia 101: 864–870. https://doi.org/10.3852/08-106
  • Wartchow F., Maia L.C., Cavalcanti M.A.Q. (2013b) Taxonomic studies of Amanita muscaria (L.) Lam. (Amanitaceae, Agaricomycetes) and its infraspecific taxa in Brazil. Acta Botanica Brasilica 27: 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062013000100005
  • Wartchow F. (2015) Amanita tenacipulvis, a new species from Amazonian campinarana. Sydowia 67: 75–79.
  • Wartchow F., Cortez V.G., Cavalcanti M.A.Q. (2015a) Studies on Amanita (Amanitaceae) in Brazil: the discovery of A. aureofloccosa in the Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Botany 38: 639–643. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-015-0161-y
  • Wartchow F. (2016) Amanita viridissima (Amanitaceae, Basidiomycota), a striking new species from highlands of the semiarid region of Bahia, Brazil. Plant Ecology and Evolution 149: 241–248. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2016.1198
  • Weiß M., Yang Z.-L., Oberwinkler F. (1998) Molecular phylogenetic studies in the genus Amanita. Canadian Journal of Botany 76: 1170–1179. https://doi.org/10.1139/b98-129
  • Wolfe B.E., Kuo M., Pringle A. (2012a) Amanita thiersii is a saprotrophic fungus expanding its range in the United States. Mycologia 104: 22–23. https://doi.org/10.3852/11-056
  • Yang Z.-L., Weiß M., Nehls U., Kottke I., Guttenberger M., Hampp R. (1999) Amanita. In: Cairney J., Chambers S. (eds) Ectomycorrhizal fungi: key genera in profile: 201–230. Berlin, Springer-Verlag.
  • Zhang L.F., Yang J.B., Yang Z-.L. (2004) Molecular phylogeny of eastern Asian species of Amanita (Agaricales, Basidiomycota): taxonomic and biogeographic implications. Fungal Diversity 17: 219–238.
  • Yang Z.-L. (2005) “Flora fungorum sinicorum”. Vol. 27 Amanitaceae. Beijing, Science Press.