Linear models examining foliar morphology in Euphorbia tithymaloides (focused on the three main PC axes that capture 96.7% of variation in morphology) in relation to climate eliminating variation due to subspecies (response variable are residuals from morphology ~ subspecies models). Colours represent subspecies (red, E. tithymaloides subsp. angustifolia; blue, E. tithymaloides subsp. padifolia; green, E. tithymaloides subsp. tithymaloides).

 
 
  Part of: Jacobo-Arteaga LE, Medina-Rodríguez MD, Hernández-Hernádez B, Piña de la Rosa IA, Cacho NI (2022) Leaf morphospace in Euphorbia tithymaloides (Euphorbiaceae) was likely shaped by evolutionary contingencies rather than climate. Plant Ecology and Evolution 155(2): 315-331. https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.91487